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Lesson 4A1

Family

குடும்பம்

Family words are some of the first nouns worth learning, and they introduce a Polish quirk Tamil has no real parallel for: a noun's ending doesn't always predict its gender.

Grammar Comparison

இலக்கண ஒப்பீடு

tata Looks Feminine But Isn't — Tamil Nouns Don't Mark Gender by Ending at All

Polish

tata, kolega

Tamil

அப்பா, (ஆண்) நண்பன்

Nouns ending in -a are usually feminine in Polish, but a small, important group of masculine nouns referring to men also end in -a — tata (dad) is the clearest example. Adjectives and verbs describing tata still agree with masculine gender ('mój tata', not 'moja tata'), even though the noun's ending looks feminine at a glance. Tamil gives you no prior instinct to lean on here: Tamil nouns don't carry grammatical gender in their spelling or ending the way Polish nouns do — அப்பா (dad) is simply a word, with gender only showing up separately in pronouns and verb agreement, never in the noun's own form.

Mama/Tata vs. Matka/Ojciec

Polish

mama / tata

Tamil

அம்மா / அப்பா

Mama and tata are the everyday, affectionate terms you'll hear constantly in conversation — the same warm register as Tamil's அம்மா and அப்பா. Matka and ojciec are more formal or clinical-sounding, closer to 'mother' and 'father' used at a distance, and feel stiff in casual talk about your own family, the way an overly formal Tamil term would.

Vocabulary

சொற்கள்

rodzinaroh-JEE-nah
Tamil
குடும்பம்kuṭumbam
English
the family
mamaMAH-mah
Tamil
அம்மாammā
English
mom
tataTAH-tah
Tamil
அப்பாappā
English
dad
bratbraht
Tamil
சகோதரன்sakōdharaṉ
English
brother
siostraSHYOH-strah
Tamil
சகோதரிsakōdhari
English
sister
synsin
Tamil
மகன்makaṉ
English
son
córkaTSOOR-kah
Tamil
மகள்makaḷ
English
daughter
mążmownzh
Tamil
கணவன்kaṇavaṉ
English
husband
żonaZHOH-nah
Tamil
மனைவிmaṉaivi
English
wife
dziadkowiejahd-KOH-vyeh
Tamil
தாத்தா பாட்டிthāththā pāṭṭi
English
grandparents
wujekVOO-yek
Tamil
மாமாmāmā
English
uncle
ciociaCHOH-chah
Tamil
அத்தை / சித்திaththai / siththi
English
aunt