Articles & Gender
आर्टिकल और लिंग
Spanish marks every noun's gender with an article — el, la, un, una — while Hindi has no articles at all, no word for 'the' or 'a'. So although Hindi nouns already carry gender just like Spanish nouns do, the article system itself is a brand-new category to build from scratch.
Grammar Comparison
व्याकरण तुलना
el / la / los / las — a system Hindi has no equivalent for
el libro (masc.), la mesa (fem.), los libros / las mesas (plural)
किताब, मेज़, किताबें / मेज़ें — कोई 'the' शब्द नहीं
el marks masculine singular nouns, la marks feminine singular nouns, and los/las mark the plural, keeping the same gender split even there. Hindi simply says किताब for 'book,' 'a book,' or 'the book' — context alone tells you which, with no separate word ever inserted. Expect to consciously add an article every time you build a Spanish noun phrase, since dropping it — the way you always would in Hindi — sounds broken in Spanish.
un / una / unos / unas — the same gap on the indefinite side
un bolígrafo (a pen, masc.), una manzana (an apple, fem.), unos libros (some books)
एक पेन, एक सेब, कुछ किताबें
un/una roughly match Hindi's एक ('one'), which Hindi already presses into service for 'a/an' when it needs to — एक किताब can mean either 'one book' or 'a book' depending on context. unos/unas ('some') has no single Hindi word behind it either; कुछ ('some/a few') gets closest, but Spanish requires it in places Hindi would happily leave the noun bare.
Two genders, no logic for objects — same underlying idea as Hindi
el sol (masc., 'the sun'), la luna (fem., 'the moon') — no reason why
सूरज, चाँद — हिंदी में भी वस्तुओं का लिंग अक्सर बिना किसी तर्क के होता है
Spanish assigns gender to every inanimate object, plant, and abstract idea with no biological or logical basis — la mesa, el libro, la silla. This will already feel familiar rather than strange: Hindi does exactly the same thing, assigning मेज़ ('table') feminine and किताब ('book') feminine for no deeper reason either. The genuinely new part isn't the concept of ungrounded object gender — it's remembering to attach a separate article word to signal it, something Hindi never asks of you.
Vocabulary
शब्दावली
| Spanish | Pronunciation | Hindi | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| el libro | el LEE-broh | किताबkitāb | the book (masc.) |
| la mesa | lah MEH-sah | मेज़mez | the table (fem.) |
| el amigo / la amiga | el ah-MEE-goh | दोस्तdost | the friend (masc./fem.) |
| la escuela | lah es-KWEH-lah | स्कूलskūl | the school (fem.) |
| un bolígrafo | oon boh-LEE-grah-foh | एक पेनek pen | a pen (masc.) |
| una manzana | OO-nah man-SAH-nah | एक सेबek seb | an apple (fem.) |
| unos libros | OO-nohs LEE-brohs | कुछ किताबेंkuch kitābeñ | some books |
| el sol | el sohl | सूरजsūraj | the sun (masc.) |
| la luna | lah LOO-nah | चाँदcāñd | the moon (fem.) |
| la casa | lah KAH-sah | घरghar | the house (fem.) |
| el país | el pah-EES | देशdeś | the country (masc.) |