Weather & Seasons
मौसम और ऋतुएँ
French describes weather with a dummy subject il ('it'), a placeholder required purely by grammar — but Hindi skips a dummy subject altogether, letting the weather word itself act as the real subject of the sentence.
Grammar Comparison
व्याकरण तुलना
il fait... — a dummy subject Hindi doesn't need
Il fait beau. (It's nice out.) — Il fait chaud/froid. (It's hot/cold.)
अच्छा मौसम है। — गर्मी है / ठंड है।
For most weather descriptions, French uses il fait + adjective — literally 'it makes...', with il as a meaningless placeholder subject required by French grammar. Hindi doesn't need any such placeholder: गर्मी है ('heat is') and ठंड है ('cold is') put the weather condition itself in the subject slot, with no dummy word standing in for anything. Where French is forced to invent a subject purely to satisfy its grammar, Hindi simply states the condition directly — expect to consciously add il fait in French even though your Hindi instinct never reaches for an equivalent placeholder.
il pleut, il neige — still no dummy subject in Hindi
Il pleut. (It's raining.) — Il neige. (It's snowing.)
बारिश हो रही है। — बर्फ़ पड़ रही है।
Rain and snow get their own dedicated verbs, pleuvoir and neiger, used only in this impersonal il form — never conjugated for je/tu/nous. Hindi's versions, बारिश हो रही है ('rain is happening') and बर्फ़ पड़ रही है ('snow is falling'), make बारिश ('rain') and बर्फ़ ('snow') the real grammatical subject of the sentence, with no French-style il standing in for nothing. Every French weather sentence needs a subject even when there's nothing to name; Hindi weather sentences never do.
Vocabulary
शब्दावली
- Hindi
- अच्छा मौसम हैacchā mausam hai
- English
- it's nice/sunny out
- Hindi
- गर्मी हैgarmī hai
- English
- it's hot
- Hindi
- ठंड हैṭhaṇḍ hai
- English
- it's cold
- Hindi
- बारिश हो रही हैbāriś ho rahī hai
- English
- it's raining
- Hindi
- बर्फ़ पड़ रही हैbarf paṛ rahī hai
- English
- it's snowing
- Hindi
- हवा चल रही हैhavā cal rahī hai
- English
- it's windy
- Hindi
- बादल छाए हुएbādal chāe hue
- English
- cloudy
- Hindi
- वसंतvasant
- English
- spring
- Hindi
- गर्मी का मौसमgarmī kā mausam
- English
- summer
- Hindi
- पतझड़patjhaṛ
- English
- autumn
- Hindi
- सर्दीsardī
- English
- winter