Environment & Sustainability
पर्यावरण और स्थिरता
Environment is a favorite topic in B1 exam speaking/writing tasks, combining everyday vocabulary with the opinion-giving language being built at this level.
Grammar Comparison
व्याकरण तुलना
um...zu with environmental goals
Wir recyceln, um Ressourcen zu sparen.
हम संसाधन बचाने के लिए रीसाइकल करते हैं।
This topic is a natural place to practice the um...zu construction learned earlier at this level: stating the purpose behind an environmental action. Keep the same subject in both clauses (wir recyceln / wir sparen), and remember zu + infinitive goes right at the end.
müssen vs. sollten for environmental obligation and advice
Wir müssen weniger Plastik benutzen. Wir sollten öfter Fahrrad fahren.
हमें कम प्लास्टिक इस्तेमाल करना ही चाहिए। हमें ज़्यादा बार साइकिल चलानी चाहिए।
Environmental discussion naturally pairs müssen (a strict obligation — 'must') with sollten, the Konjunktiv II form of sollen used for softer advice — 'should'. Hindi's "करना ही चाहिए" vs. "करना चाहिए" hints at this same distinction faintly — the main new thing to remember is that sollten isn't a separate verb, but a Konjunktiv II form.
Vocabulary
शब्दावली
| German | Pronunciation | Hindi | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| die Umwelt | dee OOM-velt | पर्यावरणparyāvaraṇ | the environment |
| der Klimawandel | dair KLEE-mah-vahn-del | जलवायु परिवर्तनjalvāyu parivartan | climate change |
| recyceln | ree-SY-keln | रीसाइकल करनाrīsāikal karnā | to recycle |
| der Müll | dair muel | कचराkacrā | trash / waste |
| die erneuerbare Energie | dee air-NOY-er-bah-reh eh-nair-GEE | नवीकरणीय ऊर्जाnavīkaraṇīya ūrjā | renewable energy |
| nachhaltig | NAHKH-hahl-tikh | टिकाऊṭikāū | sustainable |
| die Ressource | dee reh-SOOR-seh | संसाधनsansādhan | resource |
| die Verschmutzung | dee fair-SHMOO-tsoong | प्रदूषणpradūṣaṇ | pollution |
| der CO2-Ausstoß | dair tsay-oh-tsvy OWS-shtohs | CO2 उत्सर्जनsī-o-dū utsarjan | CO2 emissions |
| Plastik vermeiden | PLAHS-tik fair-MY-den | प्लास्टिक से बचनाplāsṭik se bacnā | to avoid plastic |
| der Umweltschutz | dair OOM-velt-shoots | पर्यावरण संरक्षणparyāvaraṇ sanrakṣaṇ | environmental protection |
| die Naturkatastrophe | dee nah-TOOR-kah-tah-stroh-feh | प्राकृतिक आपदाprākṛtik āpadā | natural disaster |