Accusative Case
இரண்டாம் வேற்றுமை (செயப்படுபொருள்)
The accusative case marks the direct object of a sentence — the thing an action is done to. German shows this by changing the article; Tamil shows it by changing the noun itself.
Grammar Comparison
இலக்கண ஒப்பீடு
den vs. -ஐ
Ich sehe den Mann. (der → den — the masculine article changes)
நான் மனிதனை பார்க்கிறேன். (மனிதன் → மனிதனை — the noun itself takes -ஐ)
Tamil marks a direct object by adding the accusative suffix -ஐ straight onto the noun: மனிதன் ('the man', subject form) becomes மனிதனை ('the man', object form). German does the identical job — flagging 'this noun is being acted upon' — but only the masculine article changes shape (der → den); feminine die, neuter das, and all plurals die stay exactly the same in the accusative. So the accusative is only visible about a quarter of the time in German, versus almost always in Tamil.
Only 'der' words change — memorize just one row
der → den (masculine only); die, das, and plural die stay the same
பாலினம் எதுவாக இருந்தாலும் எப்போதும் -ஐ சேர்க்கப்படும்
Because Tamil adds -ஐ to every noun turned into an object, regardless of its class, it's tempting to expect German to mark every object too. It doesn't: die and das don't change at all between nominative and accusative. In practice, the entire accusative case comes down to memorizing one transformation — der becomes den when the masculine noun is the object — and recognizing that everything else looks identical to the subject form.
Vocabulary
சொற்கள்
| German | Pronunciation | Tamil | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| den Mann | dayn mahn | மனிதனைmanithaṉai | the man (as object) |
| die Frau | dee frow | பெண்ணைpeṇṇai | the woman (as object) |
| das Kind | dahs kint | குழந்தையைkuḻandhaiyai | the child (as object) |
| einen Hund | EYE-nen hoont | ஒரு நாயைoru nāyai | a dog (as object) |
| den Apfel | dayn AHP-fel | ஆப்பிளைāppiḷai | the apple (as object) |
| den Kaffee | dayn KAH-fay | காபியைkāpiyai | the coffee (as object) |