Present Tense: Regular -ER and -IR Verbs
वर्तमान काल: नियमित -ER और -IR क्रियाएँ
The other two regular verb families, -er and -ir, share almost the same ending pattern as each other — only the nosotros and vosotros forms differ — so learning both together is more efficient than treating them as unrelated.
Grammar Comparison
व्याकरण तुलना
comer (to eat) — the -er pattern
como, comes, come, comemos, coméis, comen
मैं खाता/खाती हूँ, तुम खाते/खाती हो, वह खाता/खाती है, हम खाते/खाती हैं, तुम लोग खाते/खाती हो, वे खाते/खाती हैं
Drop the -er and add -o, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en. Notice how close these endings are to the -ar family's — mostly just swapping a for e — the same way Hindi's -ता/-ती/-ते pattern stays consistent across खाना, रहना, and almost every other verb, just attached to a different stem each time.
vivir (to live) — the -ir pattern
vivo, vives, vive, vivimos, vivís, viven
मैं रहता/रहती हूँ, तुम रहते/रहती हो, वह रहता/रहती है, हम रहते/रहती हैं, तुम लोग रहते/रहती हो, वे रहते/रहती हैं
-ir verbs match -er verbs exactly except in the nosotros and vosotros forms (vivimos/vivís vs comemos/coméis) — every other ending is identical. Learning -er and -ir as a matched pair, rather than two separate systems, cuts the memorization in half, just as Hindi's -ता/-ती/-ते ending doesn't care which verb root it's attached to.
Vocabulary
शब्दावली
| Spanish | Pronunciation | Hindi | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| comer | koh-MEHR | खानाkhānā | to eat |
| vivir | vee-VEER | रहनाrahnā | to live |
| escribir | es-kree-BEER | लिखनाlikhnā | to write |
| leer | leh-EHR | पढ़नाpaṛhnā | to read |
| como | KOH-moh | मैं खाता/खाती हूँmaiñ khātā/khātī hūñ | I eat |
| comes | KOH-mehs | तुम खाते/खाती होtum khāte/khātī ho | you eat |
| vivo | VEE-voh | मैं रहता/रहती हूँmaiñ rahtā/rahtī hūñ | I live |
| viven | VEE-vehn | वे रहते/रहती हैंve rahte/rahtī haiñ | they live |